The Life & Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche :: Biographies Biographical Essays

The Life and Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche Theory Class Essay Born: 1844. Rocken, Germany Died: 1900. Weimar, Germany Major Works: The Gay Science (1882), Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883-1885), Beyond Good and Evil (1886), On the Genealogy of Morals (1887), Significant IDEAS Self double dealing is an especially ruinous attribute of West Culture. Life is The Will To Power; our normal want is to command and reshape the world to accommodate our own inclinations and affirm our individual solidarity to the fullest degree conceivable. Battle, through which people accomplish a level of intensity similar with their capacities, is the fundamental actuality of human presence. Standards of human fairness propagate average quality - a fact that has been twisted and covered by present day esteem frameworks. Christian ethical quality, which distinguishes goodness with submission also, servility is the prime offender in making a social atmosphere that upsets the drive for greatness and self acknowledgment God is dead; another time of human imagination and accomplishment is within reach. - Great Thinkers In The Western World. By: Ian P. McGreal, 1992 Introduction Much data is accessible on Mr. Friedrich Nietzsche, including numerous books that he kept in touch with himself, during his philosophical profession. I took this as a decent sign I would discover a wellspring of edified material delivered by the man. I've needed to experience my very own touch philosophical contemplations to put my own worth decisions aside, and genuinely search for the commitments Nietzsche provided for theory. Quite a bit of my comprehension came simply after I had a grip of Neitzsche's history; along these lines, I urge you to peruse up on his history before jumping into his way of thinking (see Appendix I). The present day Westerner may differ with each part of his way of thinking, yet there are numerous things one should sadly concede are valid (just on the off chance that you set your profound quality aside). In this way, from here, I will introduce his commitments to theory, and put forth a valiant effort to erase my own conclusions, other than to state that he was not the picked subject of this paper out of any adoration. THE PHILOSOPHY OF FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE Now and then way of thinking is designated immortal, inferring that it's exercises are of incentive to any age. This might be difficult to find in Nietzsche's work; be that as it may, we are guaranteed that it was proper idea for his time. Be that as it may, indeed, even Nietzsche's faultfinders concede that his words hold a verifiable truth, as hard for what it's worth to acknowledge. Maybe this is the reason his work is immortal, and has endure 150 years in print.

Achieving Competitive Advantage In The Biotechnology Sector Commerce Essay

Accomplishing Competitive Advantage In The Biotechnology Sector Commerce Essay Biotechnology can be commonly characterized as the utilization of living things to make items or to do errands for individuals. Biotechnology or biotech is utilized in industry, medication and horticulture to deliver nourishments, medication, and test for infections and expel squanders. (Biotechnologyonline, n.d) As such, there are various sorts of biotech, for example, green innovation, red innovation, and white innovation and Bio energizes. In this report, we will have an understanding into every one of these parts of biotech and utilize different scientific devices to assess how information the board is assuming a job in making upper hand for organizations in the area. In this manner, we will take a gander at the Green biotech, Red biotech, White biotech and bio fuel separately. Green Biotechnology Green innovation, also called plant or farming innovation is a part of biotechnology (biotech) which â€Å"involves the presentation of outside qualities into monetarily significant sp ecies, bringing about yield improvement and the creation of novel items in plants†. (123biotech, n.d.). To all the more likely comprehend the job of information the board in bridling an upper hand in this part of biotechnology, we will take Monsanto as case model. Monsanto is the world’s driving green innovation organization in front of opponent, for example, DuPont. (SmartMoney, 2009). The organization spends significant time in rearing (improving the hereditary base through innovation of harvests in this manner increment yield and hereditary designing (by upgrading nonexclusive attributes in yields, for example, creepy crawly opposition, herbicide resistance and dry season resilience). (SmartMoney, 2009 and Monsanto, n.d.) As with its sister braches, for example, bioinformatics, white technology(industrial biotechnology), red technology(pharmaceuticals) just as biofuels, green innovation and organizations related with it like Monsanto, are not left solid by pundits. F or example, Monsanto and its counterpatrs , through its utilization of plant innovation has been censured of imperiling human, the earth and financial.( Friends of the earth, 2006). Criticalness of Green Technology However, the accompanying points of interest are beign celebrated by its supporters: Protection of Crops: for example, the AT-DBF2 quality from Arabidopsis Thaliana crop infused into plants to empower them withstands Osmotic pressure, for example, dry season, salt and stress. (PNAS, n.d.) Increase Crop yield: during the getting teeth long periods of biotechnology in term of Genetically Modified Food, there has been a broad analysis of GMO asserting that GM Crops don't expand crop yield, that on the opposite it, lessens it. (Truth about Trade and Technology, 2009). These cases were excused by the then USA president Jimmy Carter who expressed that, â€Å"responsible biotechnology isn't the adversary; starvation is.† (Biotechnology Industry Organization, n.d.)His posi tive position towards green biotechnology in view of life forms like the Bacillus Thuringiensis used to create the BT-corn. Presents in 1996, the â€Å"Bt corn can possibly streamline the board and adequately control corn borers all through the season† hence expanding its yield. (School of Agriculture, n.d.) Improved Food Quality: a case of this was the development of the Golden Rice by Prof Potrykus and Prof. Beyer of ETH-Zurich and University of Freiburg individually. The Golden rice is accepted to ease Vitamin An insufficiency in youngsters particularly in the creating scene. (Brilliant Rice, n.d.) Another model is the Maltogenic Amylase utilized for â€Å"Retardation of staling in prepared food†, for example, bread and cakes. (Food and Agriculture Organization, 1997)

Coping With Cibophobia or the Fear of Food

Coping With Cibophobia or the Fear of Food Phobias Types Print Coping With Cibophobia or the Fear of Food By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Updated on January 05, 2020 asiseeit / Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Cibophobia, or fear of food, is a relatively complicated phobia that can rapidly spiral into an obsession. People with this phobia are sometimes mistakenly thought to suffer from anorexia, a dangerous eating disorder. The main difference is that those with anorexia  fear the effects of food on body image, while those with cibophobia are actually afraid of the food itself. Some people suffer from both disorders, and diagnosis should be made only by a trained clinician. Symptoms   Many signs of cibophobia are difficult to recognize, particularly in today’s health-obsessed society. If you are cibophobia, you probably avoid certain foods altogether, perceiving them to present above-average risks. Highly perishable foods, such as mayonnaise and milk, are common objects of fear. Most people with cibophobia are extremely concerned with expiration dates. You might find yourself carefully sniffing products that are approaching their expiration dates, and refuse to eat anything with a date that has passed by even a few hours. Even products with far-off expiration dates might be seen as a suspect once they have been opened. You may be quite concerned with the doneness of cooked foods, overcooking to the point of burning or drying. This may be particularly true for foods that you see as dangerous, such as chicken or pork. Many people with cibophobia develop rules for eating behaviors. These rules vary from person to person but often focus on restaurant meals, where the food’s preparation is outside of your control. You might avoid certain restaurants or individual dishes, refuse to eat seafood away from the coast or throw out leftovers after 24 hours. Complications   Untreated cibophobia often worsens, causing increasingly obsessive behaviors. Over time, you might severely restrict your diet and jeopardize your health. You may choose to go hungry rather than eat things that you deem questionable, leading to weakness, dizziness, and irritability. The social stigma of cibophobia can be devastating as well. Humans are extremely conscious of unusual behaviors, making it difficult to hide increasingly restricted eating patterns. Your friends and relatives might suspect an eating disorder. You may feel uncomfortable in social situations such as holiday gatherings, where it would be rude not to accept food. Eventually, you may become uncomfortable in restaurants, even if you are following your personal rules. Being surrounded by the object of your phobia might cause you to cry, shake or experience a wide range of physical symptoms. Treatments It is very important to seek treatment from a qualified mental health professional. The most common treatment is cognitive-behavioral therapy, in which you will learn to change both your beliefs and your behaviors regarding food. However, other treatment methods may be used as well. Medications, hypnosis, and several forms of ?talk therapy can help you create a more positive relationship with food. Becoming educated about the actual risks of different food-borne illnesses may help in the long run, but it is important to get the fear under control first. Otherwise, your reading may actually reinforce your fear. Cibophobia is a complicated phobia that can have devastating effects on your life. With proper treatment, however, there is no reason that you cannot learn to conquer your fear.

School Enrollment in Apartheid South Africa

Introduction to Purchasing-Power Parity

The idea that identical items in different countries should have the same real prices is very intuitively appealing- after all, it stands to reason that a consumer should be able to sell an item in one country, exchange the money received for the item for currency of a different country, and then buy the same item back in the other country (and not have any money left over), if for no other reason than this scenario simply puts the consumer back exactly where she started. This concept, known as purchasing-power parity (and sometimes referred to as PPP), is simply the theory that the amount of purchasing power that a consumer has doesnt depend on what currency she is making purchases with. Purchasing-power parity doesnt mean that nominal exchange rates are equal to 1, or even that nominal exchange rates are constant. A quick look at an online finance site shows, for example, that a US dollar can buy about 80 Japanese yen (at the time of writing), and this can vary pretty widely over time. Instead, the theory of purchasing-power parity implies that there is an interaction between nominal prices and nominal exchange rates so that, for example, items in the US that sell for one dollar would sell for 80 yen in Japan today, and this ratio would change in tandem with the nominal exchange rate. In other words, purchasing-power parity states that the real exchange rate is always equal to 1, i.e. that one item purchased domestically can be exchanged for one foreign item. Despite its intuitive appeal, purchasing-power parity doesnt generally hold in practice. This is because purchasing-power parity relies on the presence of arbitrage opportunities- opportunities to risklessly and costlessly buy items at a low price in one place and sell them at a higher price in another- to bring prices together in different countries. (Prices would converge because the buying activity would push prices in one country up and the selling activity would push prices in the other country down.) In reality, there are various transaction costs and barriers to trade that limit the ability to make prices converge via market forces. For example, its unclear how one would exploit arbitrage opportunities for services across different geographies, since its often difficult, if not impossible, to transport services costlessly from one place to another. Nevertheless, purchasing-power parity is an important concept to consider as a baseline theoretical scenario, and, even though purchasing-power parity might not hold perfectly in practice, the intuition behind it does, in fact, place practical limits on how much real prices can diverge across countries. (If you are interested in reading more, see here for another discussion on purchasing-power parity.)

Responsive writing “A Lesson Before Dying” Free Essays

The movie â€Å"A Lesson Before Dying,† a prize winning novel by Ernest Gaines, is a story about racial injustice against African-Americans. Set in the south, in the late 1940’s, this story is another example of how oppression against a race of people leads to psychological defects, inferiority complexes, and feelings of self degradation. Jefferson, played by Mekhi Phifer, finds himself the witness of a murderous crime between the owner of a liquor store and two black men. We will write a custom essay sample on Responsive writing: â€Å"A Lesson Before Dying† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hearing the shots, local residents enter the store while Jefferson is stealing money from the register. He’s assumed to be the shooter and is apprehended and put on trial by a racist society of white people. His own lawyer tells the jury that Jefferson didn’t have enough sense to know better, and that executing him would be the same as killing a hog. Nevertheless, Jefferson is sentenced to be executed. Miss Emma, Jefferson’s mother, is angry by the lawyer’s comments. She contacts a African-American teacher; Grant Wiggins, to go to the jail cell and convince Jefferson that he isn’t a dumb hog, but that he’s a man. Reluctantly, Grant visits Jefferson daily, and the two men build a bond and new sense of self identity. Reverend Ambrose, played by Brent Jennings; wants Jefferson to trust in Jesus, but he’s unable to get through to him, so he asks Grant Wiggins to speak to Jefferson. Grant is already struggling with his own belief in God. Whether it’s Miss Emma, Jefferson’s aunt, or Reverend Ambrose, Grant resists everyone’s attempt to remind him of Jesus. Ultimately, Grant and Jefferson find some understanding about religion within themselves. Jefferson prepares himself to die with a new sense of dignity. One of the most heart felt scenes is when the school children take a trip to the jail to say goodbye to Jefferson. Each child gives Jefferson a gift as they say goodbye to him. With tears in his eyes, and a new sense of appreciation for the people that care about him, Jefferson says â€Å"thank you.† In addition, Lisa Arrindell Anderson; playing the part of Vivian Baptiste, delivers a magnificent performance. Lighting up the screen with her beauty, and strong conviction, she becomes the support mechanism for Grant Wiggins. Grant is in love with Vivian and intends to marry her, therefore, he confides in her about his struggles with Jefferson, as well as, the pressure everyone is putting on him. As a result, they strengthen their relationship with each other, and find new direction in their lives. In the end, this story reminds us that; despite the insurmountable odds that we face in life, we can overcome self degradation; due to the oppression of others, with self dignity, spirituality, and an appreciation for the people who love us. How to cite Responsive writing: â€Å"A Lesson Before Dying†, Papers

Anemia in Pregnancy

Question Discuss about theAnemia in Pregnancy. Answer: Introduction Erythroid hyperplasia of the bone marrow alongside a reduction in the mass of RBCs is normal during pregnancy. However, an unchecked increase in the volume of plasma results in dilution of blood (hemodilution) a condition referred to as hydremia of pregnancy (Balgir, 2015). Additionally, the percentage of red blood cells in the blood (HCT) also reduces the range of 38 and 45% in healthy women to about 34% during single pregnancies and 30% of instances of multifetal pregnancy (McClure et al., 2014). Iron deficiency is the single most common micronutrient deficiency in the world and a major cause of anemia. Anemia in pregnancy is therefore characterized by a hemoglobin count of 10g/DL and an HCT of 30%. The oxygen carrying capacity of the RBCs tends to remain normal despite hemodilution during pregnancy though (Esen, 2017). This paper presets anemia as a common health complication to most women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Most common causes are an iron deficiency and foliate d eficiency. Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy Iron deficiency anemia accounts for up to 95% of cases of anemia in pregnancy. Also known as microcytic anemia it is caused by inadequate dietary intake of iron during pregnancy (Koura et al., 2012). Malabsorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract can also result in Iron deficiency anemia. Still, gastrointestinal tract surgery can result in blood loss leading anemia since 2ml of blood contains 1mg of iron. Normal recurrent loss of blood during menstruation also results in loss of iron given the amount of iron lost roughly approximates the amount that is ingested in a month, hence reducing the buildup of iron stores in the body. The clinical presentation of iron deficiency anemia includes but is not limited to, inflammation of the tongue (glossitis), inflammation of the lips(cheilitis), sensitivity to cold, weakness and fatigue. According to Kassebaum (2016), Iron Deficiency is the leading cause of anemia in pregnant women. The world is focusing on reducing cases of anemia among women of the reproductive age by 2025 as part of its nutritional target (World Health Organization, 2014). One in four pregnancies in Europe is affected by iron deficiency anemia (McLean et al., 2009 and Scholl, 2010). The world health organization estimates that in 2011, the prevalence of anemia stood at 38% among pregnant women. According to Stevens et al.,(2013). This figure translates to roughly 32 million women worldwide. Megaloblastic Anemia Also called macrocytic anemia, it is characterized by large RBCs which are fragile and easily destroyed. It is majorly attributed to two factors essential in the synthesis of red blood cells. Obse et al., (2013) contend that insufficient dietary intake of folic acid and cobalamin is the major risk factors for megaloblastic anemia. Cobalamin deficiency can result from a failure by the gastric mucosa to secrete intrinsic factors for the absorption of cobalamin from the GIT. Gastrointestinal surgery may also lead to the loss of intrinsic factor-secreting gastric mucosal cells. In some instances, hereditary defects in cobalamins utilization are also implicated. Folic acid deficiency, on the other hand, results majorly from poor dietary intake of folic acid. It can also result from malabsorption syndromes, drugs that inhibit folic acid absorption, alcohol abuse, and hemodialysis. These factors lead to a reduction in erythropoiesis. Scholl (2015) and Pavord et al., (2012) contend that with the decline in erythropoietic activity, iron stores are depleted, reduced and eventually depleted, resulting in anemia. Deficiencies in vitamin B 12 and folate still remain the leading cause of megaloblastic anemia since the consequence of ineffective hematopoiesis is major on RBCs as much as it affects other cell lines. According to Achebe et al., (2017) universal supplements such as folate and cobalamins are vital in care of mothers with megaloblastic anemia Options of care, collaboration, and consultation with other health providers There is a need for collaborative approach by all heath care providers right from the clinician or doctor, to the laboratory personnel where the diagnosis is done to the nurses who implement the care and treatment plan. Key among these is the diagnosis. Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anemia Bone marrow aspirate staining is the gold standard for defining iron deficiency anemia. The bone marrow aspirate is then viewed under a microscope; the absence of staining on the field demonstrates a lack of iron for erythropoietic activity. Gale et al., (1963). This approach, however, has a disadvantage of being intrusive so it cannot be applied to routine practice. The use of different biomarkers other than this provides a better alternative for determining iron status. According to Pavord et al., (2012) serum levels of ferritin are the most reliable method. As a routine, therefore, Iron deficiency anemia is diagnosed by measuring the levels of iron, ferritin, and transferrin in the serum. It is usually characterized by an HCT of 30% and an MCV 79fL. Decreased levels of iron and ferritin in the serum and increased levels of transferrin in the serum is a confirmatory diagnosis Diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia A complete blood count and a peripheral smear form the basis for diagnosis. The peripheral smear usually shows anisocytosis and poikilocytosis- characteristic of, macrocytic anemia and enlarged oval RBCs (macro-ovalocytes). Reticulocytopenia and neutrophils with hyper segmentations also indicate megaloblastic anemia. Definitive diagnosis, however, carried out by the measurement of folate in serum. A Complete Blood Count that shows anemia with indices consistent with macrocytic anemia or high red blood cells distribution width(RDW) usually indicates folate deficiency. The confirmatory diagnosis is low levels of folate in the serum. Anemia Associated Risks in Pregnancy Perinatal and maternal outcomes can potentially worsen if hemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell disease, -thalassemia, and Hemoglobin S-C Disease are not detected and treated. Fetuses which are chronically exposed to iron deficiency anemia are likely to be born underweight (Lone et al., 2004) due to effects on fetal intrauterine growth Gaillard et al., (2014). Preexisting sickle cell anemia increases the maternal susceptibility to infections majorly pneumonia, inflammation of the endometrium (endometritis) and UTIs (Urinary tract infections). The leading cause of maternal death in the UK is maternal sepsis, affecting 5 in 10000 pregnancies. It may also predispose the mother to conditions such as pulmonary infarction heart failure and pregnancy-induced hypertension. It has also been determined to result in restriction of fetal growth and preterm delivery. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was also the most common cause of anemia-related disability in 2013 (Kassebaum, 2016) contends that the leading cause of anemia related disability in 2013 was iron deficiency anemia. (Cantwell et al., 2011) also, contends that the risk of maternal mortality secondary to hemorrhage is increased in mothers with iron deficiency anemia. The severity of most anemia cases also tends to increase with the progression of the pregnancy hence posing serious health risks to both mother and fetus. Although the risk of UTIs is increased in mothers with sickle cell trait it is not commonly implicated in severe pregnancy-related complications. Hb S-C disease may also present during pregnancy. With it comes increased the risk of pulmonary infarction due to occasional embolization of the bony spicule. Fetal effects are less common but when present may include restriction of fetal growth.-Thalassemia is not likely to cause maternal morbidity but results in fetal death if the fetus is homozygous for -Thalassemia. The fetus is not likely to make it beyond the early third semester. According to Congdon et al., (2012), cognitive development and growth can suffer long term impairments among infants that are in-utero exposed to iron deficiency anemia. Beck et al., (2010) argue that chronic fetal exposure to iron deficiency anemia could potentially increase the risk of pre-term delivery by up to double. This makes detection and treatment of iron deficiency anemia a top priority for policymakers and healthcare providers globally (World Health Organization, 2011). Intrapartum Management of Mother and Initial Care of Child Intrapartum Management of the Mother Adequate dietary intake of iron and iron supplementation through medicines is the principle prevention mechanism for iron deficiency in pregnant mothers. All pregnant mothers need to be started on aloe oral dose of about 30 mg/day of iron supplementing drugs (Masukume et al., 2015). It is also vital to integrated iron rich foods like beef and selected vegetables from the onset of pregnancy as well foods that enhance the absorption of iron. Pregnant mothers also need to be screened for iron deficiency anemia in good time if they are from populations that are at high risk of iron deficiency (Nguyen et al., 2016). In such populations, higher doses of iron supplement such as 60-100 mg per day may help achieve prophylaxis against iron deficiency anemia. If a pregnant mother is confirmed to have iron deficiency anemia by diagnosis, the treatment regimen is quite similar to iron deficiency in postpartum mothers, non-pregnant women, postmenopausal or premenopausal women (Pavord et al., 2012). The marked difference is the t they are administered with additional iron together with a combination of prenatal vitamins. Dietary counseling is also recommended. Another course that is recommended is taking a measurement of the Complete Blood Count consistently to monitor the iron levels in the hemoglobin of the pregnant mother (Onyeneho et al., 2016). According to the Center for Disease Control, screening of the mother during the first prenatal visit is essential. The IOM recommends that mothers from high-risk populations be screened at the beginning of every trimester and postpartum for one to one and a half months. While universal supplementation of iron is recommended by both the CDC and the WHO, the American Department of Defense decries th e lack of sufficient evidence to support the same (Daru et al., 2015). Studies reveal that the supplementation of iron for pregnant mothers before depletion of iron stores which has become a common practice among clinicians may also be implicated in severe fetal and maternal health outcome (Congdon et al., 2012 and Siu, 2015). Initial Care of the Newborn According to Koura et al., (2012), infant anemia correlates with maternal anemia. The potential of delaying the clamping of the umbilical cord has been found to have potential to improve the iron levels in infants born at complete term. Also, it is beneficial for improving the hematocrit levels in infants born to anemic mothers. Although this comes along with a possible increase in the risk of hyperbilirubinaemia by about 12% studies reveal that it is rarely ever as serious as to require exchange transfusion or phototherapy-making it safe to apply (Gebreamlak, Dadi, Atnafu, 2017). The study revealed that delaying cord clamping has the effect of raising the concentration of hemoglobin especially in infants born to anemic mothers at ages between 2-3 months and lowers the risk of developing anemia for the infant. This practice may be especially beneficial to countries where tea is high occurrences of fetal anemia. Follow-up Care and Considerations for Future Pregnancies It may be important for mothers to continue taking prenatal vitamins inclusive of iron supplements during breastfeeding in order to reduce the risk of postpartum anemia. According to Oppenheimer (2012), postpartum screening is essential for monitoring of iron and hemoglobin status even post- delivery. According to WHO a hemoglobin level10.5g/dl and HCT32% would be an indication of anemia even postpartum. McClure et al., (2014) also denote that postpartum anemia is a leading cause of postnatal depression and depression in last trimester Yilmaz et al., (2017), which could adversely affect the emotional wellbeing of the mother and the child as well. Other adverse effects associated with postpartum anemia include fatigue and exhaustion beyond the expected normal, insufficient milk syndrome and poor quality of milk (Christides et al., 2016). Also important is to increase dietary intake of foods rich in iron after delivery. Although this may take a longer time to achieve desired iron levels as compared to taking iron supplements, iron is still better absorbed by the body from dietary sources in the GIT (Obse, Mossie, Gobena, 2013). The bioavailability of iron from supplement sources is less than that absorbed from dietary sources (Sharp, 2015). When designing a care plan for a postpartum mother who had intrapartum iron deficiency anemia, it is critical to ensure the iron levels remain up. Given the fact that delivery itself is associated with a lot of blood loss, such a mother must be screened to find out if she is in need of a blood transfusion to forestall a fall in hemoglobin. Conclusion As covered in this paper, anemia in pregnancy affects 5 in every 10000 pregnant women totaling to about 32 million women globally. For this reason, the world health organization intends to cut by half the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among women of reproductive age (which accounts for up to 98% of all cases of anemia in pregnancy) by the year 2025.Understanding the etiology and clinical presentation of iron deficiency anemia is critical for both clinicians and health policy makers alike if this target is to be achieved. There is also need for more research into the benefits and adverse effects of the use of iron supplements for mothers on maternal and fetal health if real strides are to be made towards this same goal. References Achebe, M. M., Gafter-Gvili, A. (2017). How I treat anemia in pregnancy: iron, cobalamin, and folate. Blood, 129(8), 940-949. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-08-672246 Balgir, R. S. (2015). Prevalence of hemolytic anemia and hemoglobinopathies among the pregnant women attending a tertiary hospital in central India. Thalassemia Reports, 5(1), 16-20. doi:10.4081/thal.2015.464 Bayesian Statistical Modelling 2nd edition by P. CONGDON. (2007). Biometrics, 63(3), 976-977. doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2007.00856_12.x Christides, T., Wray, D., McBride, R., Fairweather, R., Sharp, P. (2015). Iron bioavailability from commercially available iron supplements. European Journal Of Nutrition, 54(8), 1345-1352. doi:10.1007/s00394-014-0815-8 Daru, J., Moores, R., Dodds, J., Rayment, J., Allard, S., Khan, K. S. (2015). Non-anaemic iron deficiency in pregnancy: the views of health service users and health care professionals. Transfusion Medicine, 25(1), 27-32. doi:10.1111/tme.12184 Gaillard, R., Eilers, P. C., Yassine, S., Hofman, A., Steegers, E. P., Jaddoe, V. V. (2014). Risk Factors and Consequences of Maternal Anaemia and Elevated Haemoglobin Levels during Pregnancy: a Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Paediatric Perinatal Epidemiology, 28(3), 213-226. doi:10.1111/ppe.12112 Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine (Book Review).(2000). American Libraries, 31(5), 63. Kassebaum, N. J., Lozano, R., Lim, S. S., Murray, C. J. (2017).Setting maternal mortality targets for the SDGs--reply. Lancet, 389(10070), 697-698. Masukume, G., Khashan, A. S., Kenny, L. C., Baker, P. N., Nelson, G., null, n. (2015). Risk Factors and Birth Outcomes of Anaemia in Early Pregnancy in a Nulliparous Cohort.Plos ONE, 10(4), 1-15. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122729 Nguyen, P. H., Young, M., Gonzalez-Casanova, I., Pham, H. Q., Nguyen, H., Truong, T. V., ... Ramakrishnan, U. (2016). Impact of Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation on Anemia and Iron Status during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Vietnam. Plos ONE, 11(12), 1-16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0167416 Onyeneho, N. G., I'Aronu, N., Chukwu, N., Agbawodikeizu, U. P., Chalupowski, M., Subramanian, S. V. (2016). Factors associated with compliance to recommended micronutrients uptake for prevention of anemia during pregnancy in urban, peri-urban, and rural communities in Southeast Nigeria. Journal Of Health, Population Nutrition, 351-17. doi:10.1186/s41043-016-0068-7 Pavord, S., Myers, B., Robinson, S., Allard, S., Strong, J., Oppenheimer, C. (2012).UK guidelines on the management of iron deficiency in pregnancy. British Journal OfHaematology, 156(5), 588-600. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.09012.x Gebreamlak, B., Dadi, A. F., Atnafu, A. (2017). High Adherence to Iron/Folic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy Time among Antenatal and Postnatal Care Attendant Mothers in Governmental Health Centers in AkakiKality Sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Hierarchical Negative Binomial Poisson Regression. Plos ONE, 12(1), 1-11. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169415 McClure, E. M., Meshnick, S. R., Mungai, P., Malhotra, I., King, C. L., Goldenberg, R. L., ... Dent, A. E. (2014). The Association of Parasitic Infections in Pregnancy and Maternal and Fetal Anemia: A Cohort Study in Coastal Kenya. Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8(2), 1-8. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002724 Obse, N., Mossie, A., Gobena, T. (2013). MAGNITUDE OF ANEMIA AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE IN SHALLA WOREDA, WEST ARSI ZONE, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA. Ethiopian Journal Of Health Sciences, 23(2), 165-173. Y?lmaz, E., Y?lmaz, Z., akmak, B., Gltekin, ?. B., ekmez, Y., Mahmuto?lu, S., ... Kkzkan, T. (2017).Relationship between anemia and depressive mood in the last trimester of pregnancy. Journal Of Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Medicine, 30(8), 977-982. doi:10.1080/14767058.2016.1194389 Esen, U. I. (2017). Iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: The role of parenteral iron. Journal Of Obstetrics Gynaecology, 37(1), 15-18. doi:10.1080/01443615.2016.1180505 Koura, G. K., Ouedraogo, S., Le Port, A., Watier, L., Cottrell, G., Guerra, J., ... Garcia, A. (2012). Anaemia during pregnancy: impact on birth outcome and infant haemoglobin level during the first 18 months of life. Tropical Medicine International Health, 17(3), 283-291. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02932.x